How are IC chips made?

First of all, let's first understand what is an IC chip? IC, the full name of an integrated circuit (Integrated Circuit), from its name, we can see that it is a combination of designed circuits in a stacking manner. With this method, we can reduce the area required to connect the circuit. How exactly is it made? Imagine if we want to use paint spray cans to make fine drawings, we need to cut out the cover plate of the figure and cover it on paper. Then spray the paint evenly on the paper, and after the paint is dry, remove the shutter. After repeating this step continuously, neat and complex graphics can be completed.

The manufacturing of IC is in a similar way, by stacking layer by layer by covering. When making an IC, it can be simply divided into the following 4 steps. Although in actual manufacturing, the manufacturing steps and materials used are also different, similar principles are generally adopted.

1. Coating photoresist First put the photoresist material on the wafer, and hit the light beam on the unnecessary part through the mask, destroying the structure of the photoresist material. Then, wash away the damaged material with chemicals.

2. Etching technology The silicon wafer that is not protected by photoresist is etched with ion beam.

3. Removal of photoresist Use the photoresist remover to dissolve the remaining photoresist, thus completing a process.

4. In the end, a lot of IC chips will be completed on a whole wafer, and then as long as the completed square IC chips are cut out, they can be sent to the packaging factory for packaging.

After reading the above manufacturing method, you will definitely ask what is the package? After a long process, from design to manufacturing, I finally got an IC chip. However, a chip is quite small and thin, and if it is not protected, it will be easily scratched and damaged.

In addition, because the size of the chip is small, it is not easy to manually install it on the circuit board if a larger-sized housing is not used. At present, there are two common packages, one is the DIP package that is common in electric toys and looks like a centipede in black, and the other is the BGA package that is common when buying boxed CPUs.